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Placement of fertilizer with the seed may damage seedling emergence
depending on:
- Crop species
- Seedbed moisture conditions
- Soil texture
- Soil pH (more ammonia toxicity under high pH)
- Seedbed utilization – amount of seedbed over which fertilizer
is spread
- Fertilizer source
Tables are available in several publications (Table
7 of Manitoba Soil
Fertility Guide) that indicate the safe rates of urea that can be
applied with canola or cereal seed UNDER GOOD TO EXCELLENT MOISTURE
CONDITIONS. In areas experiencing warm temperatures and drying
winds, it is recommended to reduce safe rates of seed-placed urea by
50%. Using Agrotain treated
urea may increase safety for cereals. For canola, the ammonium
component of ammonium sulphate are as damaging
as urea.
Seedbed moisture after seeding is actually more important than
moisture at seeding. To help prevent drying of seedbeds, farmers
should try to maintain surface residue and do a good job of on-row
packing.
There are a number of alternative methods to apply N to
spring sown crops in Manitoba without harming the seed. Such as:
- Side banding with double shoot openers
- Mid-row banding
- Preplant banding
- Preplant broadcasting
- Post-seeding surface broadcast prior to crop emergence
- Top-dressing after crop emergence
- Post-seeding surface banded
- Post-seeding nested or spoke wheeled
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