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Manitoba
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Annual Reports

State of the Environment Reports
 

ABOUT THE FIRST EDITION

Problems Versus Inventory
Focus Issue
Concerned Manitobans
Your Feedback is Invaluable
                  

CONTRIBUTORS

Editors
Editorial Committee
Technical Advisory Committee
Authors and Contributors
                  

OVERVIEW

Air
Water
Forests
Wildlife
Fish
Special Species
Special Areas
Agriculture
Energy
Mining
Transportation
Population
Legislation
Education
Sustainable Development
FOCUS ISSUE: Waste Management
                  

NATURAL REGIONS

Northern Transition/Tundra
Northern Coniferous Forest
Broadleaf/Mixedwood Forest
Grassland
Winnipeg
Provincial Profile
Manitoba
                  

AIR

Monitoring
   Carbon Monoxide (CO)
   Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
   Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
   Ozone (O3)
   Particulates
   Lead (Pb)
   Smoke
   Indoor Air Quality
   Major Indoor Air Pollutants
   Sick Buildings
   Radon
   Long Range Transport of Air Pollutants
   Global Warming
   Winnipeg "Moves" South
   Preventive Measures
   The Ozone Layer
Industry Responds
   Atmospheric emissions
   Energy-recovery programs
   Rural grain elevators
   Legislation and Regulation
   Licences Restricting Atmospheric Emissions
   Licensed or Regulated Incinerators
Educational Programs
   Manitoba Environment
   Manitoba Health
   Manitoba Energy and Mines
   Air Waste Management Association
TRENDS
   Carbon monoxide in Winnipeg - Better
   Sulphur dioxide in Flin Flon - Worse
   Nitrogen dioxide in Winnipeg and Brandon - Same
   Particulates - Worse
   Lead levels - Better
   Ambient air quality data - Same
   Work on air contaminants - Same
                  

WATER

Surface Water and Groundwater
Impacts on Water
Land Use
Aquatic Life and Water Quality
Air Pollution
Accidents
Outside Influences
Water Shortages
Diversions, Drainage Works, and Storage Projects
Waste Assimilation
Consumption
Petroleum Storage Tanks
The Water Strategy
Sustainable Development
Water Management Objectives
   Zebra Mussels - Delaying the Invasion
   Monitoring Quantity and Quality
   Non-Government Organizations Lend a Hand
TRENDS
   Chemicals in water - Worse
   Groundwater levels - Same
   Water monitoring - Better
   Wastewater treatment - Better
   Levels of contaminants in fish - Better
   Public participation - Better
                  

FORESTS

Northern Transition/Tundra
More Than Timber
Air and Water Conditioner
History Book
Erosion Fighter
Natural Recycler
Ancestral Home
Gene Bank
Northern Coniferous Forest
Species
Highly Productive Region
Harvesting at Pine Falls
The Pas Comes On Stream
Loss of Forested Land
Acid Rain
Repap Fact Sheet
Chlorine Bleaching Proposed
Landmark Hearings
Licence Appealed
Phase II Hearings
Federal Government Joins Process
Broadleaf/Mixedwood Region
Species
Harvesting
Plantations
Loss of Forest Lands
Grassland
Winnipeg Region
Dutch Elm Disease
Fire
Insecticides and Herbicides
Harvesting and Forest Renewal
Area Harvested & Regenerated (Hectares)
Forestry Techniques
Harvesting Patterns
Reforestation
Determining Allowable Cuts
High-Grading - Taking the Best, Leaving the Rest
PROTECTING OUR FORESTS
   Conservation Programs
   Volunteer Programs
   Educational Programs
TRENDS
   Fire protection - Better
   Reforestation - Better
   Dutch Elm Disease control - Better
   Legislation and regulation - Better
   Harvesting pressure - Worse
   Provincial forests - Better
                  

WILDLIFE

A Regional Look at Wildlife
   Northern Transition/Tundra
   Northern Coniferous Forest
   Broadleaf/Mixedwood Forest
   Grassland
   Winnipeg
Hunting and Trapping
   Harvesting
   Trapping Seasons
   Hunting Quotas
   Native Hunting and Management of Big Game
   Viewing and Other Non-Consumptive Uses
   Threats to Wildlife
   Poaching
   Teeth to Timber
   T.I.P.
   Undercover Work
   Hard to Catch
   Special Rights
Habitat Havens
   Provincial and National Parks
   Broadleaf/Mixedwood Forest 
   Ecological Reserves
   Wildlife Management Areas
   Wildlife, Game Bird, Goose, Spec. Cdn Goose, & Furbearing Animal Refuges
   Special Conservation Areas
Saving Wildlife and Wildlife Habitat
   North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP)
   Heritage Marsh Program
   Critical Wildlife Habitat Program
   Conservation Corridor Program
   Farming for Tomorrow
   Forest Management Guidelines for Wildlife
   Volunteer Programs
   Educational Programs
   Problem Plants and Animals
   Legislation and Regulation
   The Polar Bear - A Conservation Success
TRENDS
   Annual licensed harvest of big game animals - Same
   Unregulated hunting - Same
   Dabbling duck breeding populations - Worse
   Habitat programs for wildlife - Better
   Volunteer programs - Better
                  

FISH

Fish of Manitoba
Rare and Exotic Fish
Fishing for Food, Sport, and Employment
   Commercial Fishing
   Domestic Fishing
   Bait Fishing
   Sport Fishing
Reclaiming Dauphin Lake
   Team Effort
   On the Mend
   Perch Fisheries - Making the Most of the Resource
Threats to Fish
   Land Use
   Nutrient Overloading
   Oxygen Depletion
   Faulty Stream Crossings
   Hydroelectric Development
   Introduced Species
   Acid Rain
   Pollution
   Over-Fishing
Dealing With Over-Fishing
Putting the "Winnipeg" back in Winnipeg Goldeye
Restoring Lac du Bonnet
Fishermen Agree to 3-Year Closure of Lake Winnipegosis
Waterhen Residents Chip in to Stock Local Lake
Protecting the Resource
   Setting Limits on Fishing
   Stocking
   Conservation Licences and Derby Permits
   Catch/Release Angling
Cooperative Management
   Fish Futures
   User Management
   Quota Entitlement
   Go Barbless
   Public Information and Education
   Acts and Regulations
TRENDS
   Fish management - Better
   Fish habitat - Better
   Influx of non-native species - Worse
   Harvest control - Better
   Public participation - Better
                  

SPECIAL SPECIES

Special Species Lists - Preliminary
Rare Flora and Fauna of Manitoba - 51
   Plants
   Birds
   Mammals
   Amphibians
   Fish
Threatened Species of Manitoba - 6
   Birds
   Mammals
   Reptiles
Endangered Species of Manitoba - 5
   Plants
   Birds
Extirpated Species of Manitoba - 10
   Birds
   Mammals
Spotlight on Special Species
   Ferruginous Hawk
   Northern Prairie Skink
   Burrowing Owl
   Trumpeter Swan
   Small White Lady's-Slipper
   Pronghorn
   Passenger Pigeon
Threats to Special Species
Preserving Our Special Species
   Conservation and Management Programs
   Volunteer Programs
   Education Programs
TRENDS
   Habitat - Worse
   Number of burrowing owls - Worse
   Environmental awareness - Better
   Conservation and habitat management programs - Better
   Volunteer efforts - Better
                  

SPECIAL AREAS

Manitoba's Special Areas
Parks
   National
   Provincial Parks
   Municipal Parks
   Parks and People
   New Parks
   Legislation
System, Park Management, and Marketing Plans
   Cooperation
   Interpretive Services
   Ecologically Significant Areas
   Ecological Reserves
   Voluntarily Protected Ecologically Significant Areas
   Protecting Endangered Ecosystems
   Canadian Heritage Rivers
Looking Back
   Trails
   The Boyne Marsh
   The Boundary Commission Trail
   Salt-Making in Manitoba - The Untold Story
   Heritage Resources
   Inventory
   Irreplaceable
Spotlight on Heritage Resources
   Old Pinawa Dam Site, R.M. of Lac du Bonnet
   Stonewall Quarry Park, Stonewall
   Grand Rapids Tramway, L.G.D. of Grand Rapids
   Manitoba Glass Company, Beausejour
   Legislation
   Preservation Programs
   The Recyling Advantage
   Legislation Alone Not the Answer
TRENDS
   Provincial parks - Better
   Ecological reserves - Better
   Voluntarily protected ecologically significant areas - Better
   Heritage rivers - Better
   Heritage resources - Better
   Natural land base - Same
                  

STORIES FROM THE FILES

Cross Lake Water Supply Escapes Contamination
Rafferty-Alameda Continues Despite Opposition
Winnipeg Gets Institute for Sustainable Development
Permits Impose Restrictions on Mosquito Spraying
Noise Barriers on Lagimodiere Could Set Precedent
Getting the Lead Out
Arsenic at Lourdes
Algae Blooms Perennial Problem of Water Supplies on the Prairies
Flin Flon Residents Blow Whistle on Fugitive Emissions
Chlorine Fumes Spark Panic
PCB Clean-Up On Alleghany Drive
Jury Still Out On 2,4-D
Palliser Furniture to Clear the Air
                  

AGRICULTURE

A Regional Look at Agriculture
   Broadleaf/Mixedwood Forest
   Grassland
Agricultural Land Under Stress
   Making the Most of Our Soils
   Shelterbelts
   Less Stubble Burning
   Less Summerfallow
   Irrigation
Farming for Tomorrow
   The Productivity Dilemma
   Natural Herbicides Studied
   Pesticides
   Weeds
   Better Milk Production
TRENDS
   Supply of prime farmland - Worse
   Conservation farming - Better
   Alternate pest control - Better
   Impact on wetlands - Same
                  

ENERGY

Electricity
Oil, Natural Gas, and Coal
Impacts of Hydroelectric Development
   Flooding
   Lifestyles and Culture of Native People
   Access
   Stream Crossings
   Transmission Lines
   Electric and Magnetic Fields
   Energy Options
   Oil and Salt Water Spills
   Natural Gas
Legislation and Regulation
   Hydroelectricity
   Oil
   Natural Gas
Energy Conservation Programs
   Manitoba Energy and Mines
   Manitoba Hydro
TRENDS
   Energy demand - Worse
   Environmental reviews of energy projects - Better
   Public consultation - Better
   Energy conservation - Better
   Alternate energy sources - Same
   Handling of oil and salt water spills - Better
                  

MINING

Mining Operations
Mines and Quarries (1989) (excluding aggregate producers)
   Metallic Minerals
   Industrial Minerals
Looking Back
   Mineral Potential
   Mineral Production (1988)
Impacts
   Metal Mines
   Industrial Minerals
Legislation and Regulation
   Manitoba has legislation that addresses most aspects of mining.
   Minerals Strategy
   Monitoring
TRENDS
   Rehabilitation of pits and quarries - Better
   Monitoring of mining operations - Better
   Rehabilitation of old tailings - Same
   Controlling pollution from tailings - Better
                  

TRANSPORTATION

Roads and Highways
Rail
Air
Environmental Impacts
   Land Loss
   Pollution
   Garbage and Other Eyesores
   Emissions
   Noise and Safety
   Fossil Fuel Depletion
Legislation and Regulation
TRENDS
   De-icing - Same
   Loss of land - Worse
   Airport noise - Better
   Traffic noise - Worse
   Conservation in the transportation sector - Better
                  

POPULATION

Settlement Patterns
Age "Vase"
Agro-Manitoba
Northern Manitoba
Winnipeg
Immigration
World Context
Environmental Problems
   Demand for Fresh Water
   More Wastewater Treatment Needed
   Transportation Effects
   Demand for More Recreational Development
   "Rurban" Development
   Demand for Environmental Services in Rural Areas
Legislation
TRENDS
   Impact of populations in communities - Worse
   Air pollution in cities - Worse
   Distribution of environmental services - Better
                  

LEGISLATION

Environment Act - Legislation for the 90s
Protecting the Environment and the Economy
   Public Participation Stressed
   Enforcement and Administration
   Protecting the Environment - Sharing the Responsibility
   Interjurisdictional Cooperation
   Eliminating Jurisdictional Overlaps
Main Acts and Regulations
   A Look at the Public Registry
   Four-laning of Provincial Trunk Highway #1 near Oak Lake (Class 3)
   Birtle-Harrowby 230 kV Transmission Line (Class 2)
   Deago Properties Sewage Treatment Plant (Class 2)
   Oak Hammock Fish Farm, R.M. of Rockwood(Class 1)
   Prendiville Wood Preservers Ltd., Neepawa (Class 1)
TRENDS
   Environmental legislation - Better
   Complexity of acts and regulations - Worse
   Effort to simplify, strengthen legislation - Better
   Access to information - Better
                  

EDUCATION

Project Wild
SEEDS
Who's Responsible?
Deloraine's "Conservation in the Classroom" Series
Manitoba's School System
Post-Secondary Education and Training
Environmental Education Facilities
TRENDS
   Environmental education programs - Better
   Environmental education facilities - Better
   Public attitudes - Better
                  

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Sustainable Development in Action
Manitoba Leads R-2000 Concept
St. Amant School Wins Recycling Prize
Winkler Firm Recycles Tire Rubber
Farmers to Benefit from Conservation Scheme
Environmental Soundness and Profitability
Fort Whyte Centre for Environmental Education
Sustainable Development Strategy
Principles and Guidelines for Sustainable Development
   Principles of Sustainable Development
   Guidelines for Sustainable Development
Conserving the Environment While Developing the Economy
Food and Beverage Industries
Construction
Services
Tourism
Economic Indicators
Key Indicators
Environmental Effects
Conservation Districts - Sustainable Development Since the 70s
Group of Neighbours
25% of Agro-Manitoba Involved
Local People in Driver's Seat
Manitoba Round Table on Environment and Economy
   Forum for Finding Common Ground
   Translating the Vision
   Beliefs
   Cabinet Committee on Sustainable Development
   Special Conservation Fund
TRENDS
   Conservation districts in planning stage - Better
   New sustainable development centre - Better
   Sustainable development strategy - Better
   Sustainable development policies - Better
                  

FOCUS ISSUE - WASTE MANAGEMENT

Recycling and Waste Reduction
The 4 Rs
   Recycling Initiatives
   Waste Minimization Strategy
   Waste Paper
   Scrap Metal Industry
   Beverage Containers
   Waste Oil
   Tires
   Hazardous Waste
   Jurisdictions
   Transportation
   Disposal
   Contaminated Sites
Managing Hazardous Waste - A System for Manitoba
   More Than Regulations
   Terms of Reference
   Facilities Required
   Phasing Out PCBs
   Biomedical Waste
   Waste Oil and Solvents
   Pesticide Containers
   Household Hazardous Wastes
   Municipal Solid Waste
   Siting of Waste Disposal Grounds
   Consolidation of Sites
   Burning
   Composting
   Energy from Waste
   Site Closures
   Liquid Waste
   Combined Sewers
   Lack of Upgrading
   New Industries
   Dollar Solution
   Private Sewage Systems
   Public/Government Partnerships
Waste Management Legislation in Manitoba
   The Environment Act
   The Dangerous Goods Handling and Transportation Act
   The Waste Reduction and Prevention Act
TRENDS
   Capacity to treat hazardous waste - Better
   Operation of municipal waste landfills - Same
   Waste management legislation - Better
   Per capita waste generation - Worse
   Recyclable waste being recycled - Better 

MANITOBA PLANTS AND ANIMALS

LICHENS
BRYOPHYTA (MOSSES & LIVERWORTS) MUSCI (MOSSES)
PTERIDOPHYTA (FERNS AND FERN ALLIES)
SPERMATOPHYTA (SEED PLANTS)
GRAMINEAE (GRASS FAMILY)
DICOTYLEDONS
FISHES
MONOCOTYLEDONS
AMPHIBIANS
REPTILES
BIRDS
MAMMALS
                  

SELECTED READING

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