Choose to be phosphorus free
Soaps are made from natural fats and oils, while detergents are made from synthetic materials. Detergents tend to be more effective in hard water due to their chemical composition, which usually includes phosphorus in the form of phosphates. Phosphates soften water, help suspend dirt, emulsify oil and grease and contribute to the reduction of germs on clothes. However when phosphorus enters waterways, it acts as a fertilizer, leading to overgrowth of algae which eventually depletes the water's oxygen supply, killing off fish and other organisms. Excess algae also reduces recreational appeal and negatively impacts the taste and odour of drinking water.
- When purchasing laundry, dishwashing and other cleaning products, look for “phosphorus free” or "phosphate free" on the label. If the label does not say the product is phosphorus-free or phosphate-free, it probably does contain phosphorus.
- Dishwasher detergents are a significant source of phosphorus. While there are phosphorus-free automatic dishwasher detergents available, they are not as plentiful as those that do contain phosphorus. Phosphorus content in dishwasher detergents can vary considerably – with major brands containing from more than 10 % to less than 1% phosphorus. If you are unable to find a phosphorus-free dishwasher detergent, search for one with the lowest phosphorus content.
- There are a number of effective, major brand laundry detergents that are phosphorus-free. Under Canadian federal law, all laundry detergents must contain less than 2.2 per cent elemental phosphorus.
- Check the labels on household and personal cleaning products and avoid those containing phosphorus.
- Ask your retailer for phosphorus-free or low-phosphate products. These products are becoming more widely available and increased consumer demand will encourage local retailers to carry them.
Consider simpler, safer methods when doing household cleaning chores.
- Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) can clean and polish aluminum, chrome, jewelry, plastic, porcelain, silver, stainless steel, and tin. It also softens fabrics and removes certain stains. Baking soda can soften hard water and makes a relaxing bath time soak; it can be used as an underarm deodorant and as a toothpaste, too.
- Isopropyl alcohol is an excellent disinfectant for a variety of needs.
- Lemon juice can be used to clean glass and remove stains from aluminum, porcelain and clothing. It is a mild lightener or bleach if used with sunlight.
- Soap (not detergent) is an effective cleaner for natural fabrics such as cotton, silk or wool.
- Vinegar can dissolve mineral deposits and grease; remove soap scum, mildew or wax buildup; clean brick or stone and shine windows without streaking. A cup of vinegar added to the laundry can keep colours bright (but do not use with bleach, as this can create hazardous fumes).
- Washing soda (sodium carbonate or soda ash) can cut stubborn grease on grills, broiler pans, and ovens. It is a water softener which can be used to boost the cleaning capability of laundry detergent.
